Políticas de trabajadores migrantes y privilegio nacional: El caso del Reino Unido
Resumen
Tras un largo declive en el Norte Global, las políticas de trabajadores migrantes han vuelto a la agenda de la Unión Europea y de varios de sus Estados miembros. Inspirado en las concepciones de la injusticia estructural de Iris Marion Young y Nancy Fraser, este artículo sostiene queestas políticas no pueden reconciliarse con el principio de igualdad entre trabajadores migrantes y nacionales recogido en instrumentos jurídicos internacionales como el Convenio de Naciones Unidas sobre los trabajadores migrantes y la Directiva de la UE sobre trabajadores temporales. El argumento se apoya en una selección de estudios empíricos realizados en el Reino Unido, así como datos primarios sobre trabajadoras domésticas admitidas en el Reino Unido bajo visados temporales desde 1998. Los resultados sugieren que estos visados contribuyen a empeorar las condiciones de trabajo de los migrantes (explotación); a impedirles que cambien de empleador, a que hagan cumplir sus derechos en los tribunales o se afilien a un sindicato (dominación); y, en última instancia, a exacerbar los conflictos raciales y los estereotipos (estigmatización).
Recibido: 10 febrero 2021
Aceptado: 14 mayo 2021
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