Deusto Journal of Human Rights https://djhr.revistas.deusto.es/ <p>DOI: <a href="http://doi.org/10.18543/djhr">http://doi.org/10.18543/djhr</a></p> <p><em>Deusto Journal&nbsp;of Human Rights &nbsp;(DJHR) </em>— <em>Revista Deusto de Derechos Humanos</em>, in Spanish — (ISSN 2530-4275; e-ISSN&nbsp;2603-6002) is published &nbsp;twice a year&nbsp;by the Pedro Arrupe Human Rights Institute at the University of Deusto. It has been published since 2004 under the title of <em>Anuario de Acción Humanitaria y Derechos Humanos/ Yearbook on Humanitarian Action and Human Rights &nbsp;</em>(ISSN <span class="journal_data_value">1885-298X</span>). During this time, the interdisciplinary approach of its 13 issues has examined humanitarian intervention and human rights in a broader sense.&nbsp;<br><br>As of 2016, following renewal of its content and structure, the journal is embarking on a new stage with the aim of becoming a benchmark for periodical publications on human rights in Spain and the international scene. Original cutting-edge scientific works from the interdisciplinary field of human rights, which is transversally related to the fields of Law, Philosophy, Sociology, Anthropology, Political Science and International Relations, etc. are compiled for this purpose. Accordingly, the journal’s aim continues to be facilitation and promotion of reflection and interdisciplinary exchange on human rights research from the academic world as well as from the realms of professional and political activities, social activism, etc.<br><br><span lang="EN-GB">The <em>Deusto Journal&nbsp; of Human Rights</em> is published online using the <a href="https://pkp.sfu.ca/software/ojs/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Open Journal Systems (OJS)</a> software (<a href="https://pkp.sfu.ca/software/ojs/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">https://pkp.sfu.ca/software/ojs/</a>) that integrates the <a href="https://www.openarchives.org/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Open Archive Initiative (OAI)</a> protocol (<a href="https://www.openarchives.org/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">https://www.openarchives.org/</a>) for greater dissemination and transmission of its contents&nbsp;on the internet (<a href="http://djhr.revistas.deusto.es/oai" target="_blank" rel="noopener">http://djhr.revistas.deusto.es/oai</a>).<br><br>Furthermore, the online publication of this journal using the OJS software guarantees free, secure, decentralized and permanent availability and preservation of its original digital contents through the <a href="https://pkp.sfu.ca/pkp-pn/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">PKP Preservation Network— PKP PN</a> (<a href="https://pkp.sfu.ca/pkp-pn/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">https://pkp.sfu.ca/pkp-pn/</a>).</span><span lang="EN-GB"><br><br></span><em>Deusto Journal of Human Rights</em>&nbsp;is included in: <strong><a href="https://doaj.org/toc/2603-6002" target="_blank" rel="noopener">DOAJ</a></strong><strong>,</strong> <strong><a href="https://dialnet.unirioja.es/servlet/revista?codigo=26190" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Dialnet</a></strong><strong>,</strong> <strong>&nbsp;<a href="https://dbh.nsd.uib.no/publiseringskanaler/erihplus/periodical/info.action?id=494615" target="_blank" rel="noopener">ERIH PLUS</a></strong><strong>, </strong><strong><a href="http://miar.ub.edu/idioma/en" target="_blank" rel="noopener">MIAR</a></strong>, <a href="https://redib.org/recursos/Serials/Record/oai_revista4546-deusto-journal-human-rights?lng=en" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><strong>REDIB</strong></a>, <a href="https://www.latindex.org/latindex/ficha/25782" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><strong>Latindex</strong></a>,&nbsp;<strong><a href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar?hl=en&amp;as_sdt=1%2C5&amp;as_vis=1&amp;q=%28source%3A%22Revista+Deusto+de+Derechos+Humanos%22%29+OR+%28source%3A%22Deusto+Journal+of+Human+Rights%22%29+OR+%28source%3A%22Anuario+de+Acci%C3%B3n+Humanitaria+y+Derechos+Humanos%22%29+OR+%28source%3A%22Yearbook+on+Humanitarian+Action+and+Human+Rights%22%29&amp;btnG=" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Google Scholar</a></strong><strong>, </strong>and <a href="https://www.worldcat.org/title/deusto-journal-of-human-rights-revista-deusto-de-derechos-humanos/oclc/1055886487?lang=en" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><strong>WorldCat</strong></a>.<br><br></p> Universidad de Deusto en-US Deusto Journal of Human Rights 2530-4275 <em>Deusto Journal of Human Rights / Revista Deusto de Derechos Humanos</em> is an Open Access journal; which means that it is free for full and immediate access, reading, search, download, distribution, and reuse in any medium only for non-commercial purposes and in accordance with any applicable copyright legislation, without prior permission from the copyright holder (University of Deusto) or the author; provided the original work and publication source are properly cited (Issue number, year, pages and DOI if applicable) and any changes to the original are clearly indicated. Any other use of its content in any medium or format, now known or developed in the future, requires prior written permission of the copyright holder. The disproportionate representation of a “minority” population in “special education” at school: the case of Spain https://djhr.revistas.deusto.es/article/view/2787 <p>Research on disproportionate representation in “special education” has been carried out in the international literature. In Spain, studies on this subject are scarce. In this case, we focus on the study of this disproportion, but within the framework of diversity management in the school context. To this end, a comparison has been made between the data on the foreign population and the Spanish population based on official statistics. In both cases, this refers to the population enrolled in schools in Spain. The statistical data presented in our work show very different percentages of special education for certain nationalities compared to the Spanish population. The evident differences show us the existence of inequalities in schools that are nuanced according to the territories and the ownership of the educational centres.</p> <p><strong>Received</strong>: 29 June 2023<br><strong>Accepted</strong>: 28 September 2023</p> Francisco Javier García Castaño Marta Zornoza Madrid Raquel Martínez Chicón Copyright (c) 2024 University of Deusto 2024-06-27 2024-06-27 13 11 40 10.18543/djhr.2787 Migration in transit and the limits of the right to health: the case of the Basque Country https://djhr.revistas.deusto.es/article/view/2784 <p>Basque Country is one of the easiest points of access to the French territory and in turn to the rest of the continent. This, together with the existing border between Spain and the Maghreb on the south of the country, makes Basque Country a capital crossing point for carrying out a migratory process from North Africa to Europe. In a social and democratic state governed by the rule of law, there is a common minimum of rights that must be respected. The right to health care is one of these rights, and the purpose of this paper is to determine in which legal terms this protection is carried out, and how they are interpreted and executed by the different Administrations in relation to migrants in transit.</p> <p><strong>Received</strong>: 27 June 2023&nbsp;<br><strong>Accepted</strong>: 30 April 2024</p> Alejandro Andino Copyright (c) 2024 University of Deusto 2024-06-27 2024-06-27 13 41 65 10.18543/djhr.2784 The treatment of the migrant alien (gēr) in the legal codes of the Torah. Lessons for today? https://djhr.revistas.deusto.es/article/view/3096 <p>For millions of Jewish and Christian people, the Bible remains the foundational text that guides their lives and social behavior, including that related to migrants and displaced persons. Unlike the legal codes of the Ancient Near East, in which there is no mention of this type of person, in the Torah there are three legal codes (Covenant Code, Deuteronomic Code, Holiness Code) that contain explicit references to the figure of the gēr, a Hebrew term that is quite close to what today is understood by “immigrant” or “refugee”. These codes, dating between the 8th and 5th centuries B.C. show a great concern for displaced persons in vulnerable situations. The article analyzes how each code attempted to respond to the vulnerability of the gēr, justifying it in Israel’s own experience as a displaced people liberated by Yahweh, their God.</p> <p><strong>Received</strong>: 13 July 2023<br><strong>Accepted</strong>: 18 October 2023</p> Juan Luis de León Azcárate Luzio Uriarte González Copyright (c) 2024 University of Deusto 2024-06-27 2024-06-27 13 67 92 10.18543/djhr.3096 Regarding women’s human rights in Argentina. Normative proposals that generate setbacks https://djhr.revistas.deusto.es/article/view/3095 <p>The purpose of this paper is to analyze the position of international human rights instruments and the opinions of the bodies responsible for their application and follow-up in the domestic legal system. It will then analyze the importance of the interrelationship between the human rights perspective and the gender perspective, in order to present the normative guidelines that mainstream the local legal system. Finally, it will present the setbacks proposed by the Bill “Bases and starting points for the freedom of Argentines”, recently presented by the national executive power.</p> <p><strong>Received</strong>: 18 March 2024<br><strong>Accepted</strong>: 31 May 2024</p> Marina Ditieri Copyright (c) 2024 University of Deusto 2024-06-27 2024-06-27 13 93 118 10.18543/djhr.3095 Unveiling the right to self-transformation and self-enhancement: exploring Transhumanism and its impact on human rights and the future of humanity https://djhr.revistas.deusto.es/article/view/3072 <p>The time to discuss, contemplate and philosophize about Transhumanism has inevitably come. Thanks to technology which continues to transform human lives in enormous ways. The length at which technology can go, and how far it can take humans is what transhumanism as a philosophy aims to explore. The significance of studying transhumanism lies not in personal beliefs but in the necessity to confront the profound questions surrounding technology’s influence on human life. Understanding transhumanism has become crucial in the contemporary world because radical transformations through technology are already underway. Consequently, contemplating transhumanism prompts critical thinking about the trajectory of humanity in the face of advancing technology. This exploration raises fundamental questions about the protection of human rights in an era where individuals are willing to undergo radical transformations. An intriguing question emerges about the reception of transhumanism: Could or should it be considered a right to which individuals may be entitled?</p> <p><strong>Received</strong>: 22 May 2023<br><strong>Accepted</strong>: 18 November 2023</p> Lisang Nyathi Copyright (c) 2024 University of Deusto 2024-06-27 2024-06-27 13 119 147 10.18543/djhr.3072 Vitoria’s cosmopolitan potential realized: Human nature and human rights via social construction, not natural law https://djhr.revistas.deusto.es/article/view/2830 <p>Vitoria’s 1537 lecture <em>On the American Indians</em> asserts moral equality and fundamental rights for all humans but is contradicted by the significant inequalities between Spanish conquistadores and indigenous peoples of Mexico and Peru. Despite recognizing these rights, Vitoria’s vision supports an unequal Euro-American relationship regarding territorial sovereignty, self-defense, self-determination, and religious freedom. His insights have implications for contemporary international law concerning indigenous rights. However, his theological framework limits this potential. To better address indigenous issues today, I advocate reframing Vitoria’s perspective by replacing his natural law-based human-rights essentialism with a naturalistic approach that views human rights as social constructs. This shift can help develop international law to prevent violent interactions and promote equality between indigenous and non-indigenous peoples, reducing reliance on nation states to safeguard indigenous rights.</p> <p><strong>Received</strong>: 03 August 2023<br><strong>Accepted</strong>: 18 April 2024</p> Benjamin Gregg Copyright (c) 2024 University of Deusto 2024-06-27 2024-06-27 13 149 182 10.18543/djhr.2830 Garrido, María Belén. 2022. Rupturas presidenciales: las acciones de la fuerza pública ante movimientos noviolentos del Ecuador en 1997, 2000 y 2005. Sevilla: Universo de letras. 382 p. https://djhr.revistas.deusto.es/article/view/3073 <p>The review exposes the main theoretical, methodological and empirical contributions of the book <em>Rupturas presidenciales</em>. María Belén Garrido, author of the book, analyzes in depth the relationship between the main factors that influenced the public force to apply a minimum degree of repression to nonviolent movements in the presidential ruptures of Abdalá Bucaram (1997), Jamil Mahuad (2000) and Lucio Gutiérrez (2005) in Ecuador. The review shows the key variables and factors used in the research, the strategies applied in the field work, the organization of the book into chapters and the main findings of the research. The review shows how the book in question offers a set of tools for the study of public forces and their relationships with the governments in power and society.</p> Christian Danilo Bravo Allaica Copyright (c) 2024 University of Deusto 2024-06-27 2024-06-27 13 183 187 10.18543/djhr.3073 Ríos Vega, Luis Efrén e Irene Spigno, dirs. 2001. Estudios de casos líderes interamericanos Vol. XXI, A diez años de la sentencia de “Campo Algodonero”: reflexiones sobre el desarrollo de la jurisprudencia interamericana en materia de violencia de género. https://djhr.revistas.deusto.es/article/view/3074 <p>The ruling of the Inter-American Court in the case of <em>González et al. (“Cotton Field”) v. Mexico</em>, became a jurisprudence criteria of extreme relevance due to the inclusion of the gender perspective. This book review expresses an opinion about the book <em>A diez años de la sentencia de “Campo Algodonero”: reflexiones sobre el desarrollo de la jurisprudencia interamericana en materia de violencia de género</em>, which presents a panorama about the jurisprudential situation of the Inter-American Court after ten years since its first judgment on gender perspective, in addition to an analysis of different cases about gender violence addressed by the tribunal. This text concludes that the book, through the valuable contributions of its authors, is a great object of study on the judgments of the Inter-American Court about cases of violence against women.</p> Larissa Lizbeth Niño Soto Copyright (c) 2024 University of Deusto 2024-06-27 2024-06-27 13 189 194 10.18543/djhr.3074