No-campos y el sistema de no-recepción: el surgimiento de informalidad migratoria en el norte de Italia desde una perspectiva de derechos humanos
Resumen
A pesar de la disminución de las llegadas, las rutas migratorias hacia Europa siguen abiertas y cientos de personas llegan cada mes. Italia está sobrecargada por los flujos migratorios y surgen asentamientos informales como refugios alternativos. Mientras las llegadas por mar centran la atención, el silencio es sepulcral sobre lo que sucede en el norte de Italia. Este artículo arroja luz sobre la informalidad migratoria en las regiones septentrionales desde la perspectiva de los derechos humanos. Para ello, se ha realizado una investigación etnográfica en las fronteras con Austria y Francia. Los migrantes abandonan y salen del sistema de acogida debido a la congestión y a las deplorables condiciones de vida. Están expuestos a la violencia, la delincuencia, la represión y los riesgos naturales. Los migrantes presentan un alto nivel de movilidad y sufren una creciente marginación y vulnerabilidad. La respuesta institucional son desalojos y traslados forzosos, lo que conduce a un círculo vicioso de informalidad. La situación de los migrantes en Italia no respeta los derechos humanos y deja de lado el derecho internacional.
Recibido: 02 enero 2020
Aceptado: 09 mayo 2020
Publicación en línea: 26 junio 2020
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